Variations in some morphological characteristics of Polydora ciliata (Johnston)

Summary

On investigation of a dense population of mud tube building polychaetes tentatively identified as Polydora ciliata it was found that many individuals also showed morphological characteristics more usually associated with other members of the same genus. This prompted the examination of the morphology of P. ciliata from a number of different areas with the aim of assessing the stability of some of the characters used in the taxonomy of its genus. These proved to be highly variable, did not group together consistently and overlapped with some of those of P. limicola (Annenkova) and P. ligni Webster. No clear distinction between P. ciliata and P. limicola could be made on the grounds of the characteristics examined but the overlap between P. ciliata and P. ligni was small.     

Butterflies of Grand Cayman,a dynamic island fauna

The butterflies of Grand Cayman, West Indies, have been surveyed in 1938, 1975 and 1985. Results of these surveys, together with information from other sources, are examined and it is shown that 46 species have been recorded, 8 of which are considered as vagrants and 38 as breeding species. Of the latter, 7 are believed to have become extinct and 6 are new colonists within the span of almost fifty years. The island can apparently support about 30 co-existing breeding species. These findings are discussed in terms of island biogeography theory. Grand Cayman data fit a species area regression for other West Indies islands very closely if only breeding species are considered.     

Tardigrades from Signy Island,South Orkney Islands,with particular reference to freshwater species

Seventeen species of Tardigrada from lakes and catchments on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, are described. Two species, Echiniscus punctus and Isohypsibius laevis are new to science, and two, Oreella minor and Pseudechiniscus suillus, are new to the Signy Is. records.     

泥炭湿地物种多样性、生产力与土壤养分关系

按照水位梯度将金川泥炭地的植物群落划分为4个类型(臌囊苔草-柳叶绣线菊群落、芦苇-臌囊苔草群落、臌囊苔草群落和油桦-臌囊苔草群落),研究4个群落的物种多样性与生产力及土壤养分的关系.结果表明:随着水位的升高,4个群落的生物量逐渐减少,水位最低处的臌囊苔草-柳叶绣线菊群落的地上生物量最高;4个群落中地下水位、生物量、土壤全氮、土壤全磷和物种多样性均存在显著差异(P0.05),土壤有机质差异不显著;物种多样性仅与土壤全磷呈显著正相关关系(P0.01),与全氮、有机质和地下水位无相关性;生物量随土壤全氮、全磷的增加显著增加,与湿地水位呈显著负相关,与土壤有机质含量之间关系不显著.金川泥炭地群落生产力的分布与土壤全氮、全磷和泥炭地水位的关系密切;土壤全磷可能是影响物种多样性的主要因子.     

中国〖XC5XHCC.TIF〗目二新种(笛〖XC18.TIF〗科: 长角枝〖XC18.TIF〗亚科, 短角棒〖XC18.TIF〗亚科)

 记述中国〖XC5XCC.TIF〗目2新种, 井冈山无齿股〖XC5XCC.TIF〗Parasipyloideajinggangshanensis Ho, sp nov.及七州瘦〖XC5XCC.TIF〗Macellina qizhouense Ho, sp nov。新种模式标本存放于广州中山大学生物博物馆。     

工程结构优化中的改进生物地理学优化算法

为改进生物地理学优化(BBO)算法在工程结构优化设计中的性能,引入非线性物种迁移模型和"精英引导"等思想对BBO算法进行改进,并将算法应用于结构工程优化领域。以2个连续变量的经典桁架结构为例,进行结构在满足各项约束条件下质量最小的优化设计。数值算例表明,改进算法应用于工程结构优化设计时具有收敛速度快、稳定性好的特点,性能比BBO算法有较大提升,可以有效地应用于工程结构优化设计。     

崖柏球花和球果形态特征的补充描述

崖柏(Thuja sutchuenensis Franch.)是我国特有植物,为濒危物种,在1998年世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)濒危物种红色名录中曾被确认为野外绝灭.已有文献中缺少对崖柏雌球花形态的描述,对雄球花小孢子叶数目和形态、每小孢子叶具小孢子囊数、球果种鳞数、可育种鳞位置、种子特征的描述也不够全面.本文根据野外居群的观察和标本研究对上述形态特征进行了补充描述,同时,对不同发育阶段雄球花形态和种子败育特征进行了观察.     

中国台湾斑腿蝗科二新种(直翅目:蝗总科)

记述了中国台湾斑腿蝗科二新种:尼蝗属Niitakacris Tinkham,1936的嘉义尼蝗Niitakacris chieiensis sp.nov.和幽蝗属OgneviaIkonnikov,1911的台湾幽蝗Ognevia taiwanensis sp.nov..前者同红胫尼蝗N.rosaceanum(Shiraki,1910)近似,不同之处为产卵瓣在基部明显加宽和下生殖板在中部加宽.后者同塞吉幽蝗O.sergii Ikonnikov,1911近似,其区别特征为:前胸背板沿中隆线缺黑色纵纹,沟后区长于沟前区;中胸腹板中隔较狭,最小宽度等于长度;上产卵瓣的基部2/3的上、下缘近平行;下生殖板基部微狭.     

滁州市南湖公园园林植物多样性调查研究

应用物种丰富度指数（S）、多样性指数（Shannon －Wiener 指数）、优势度指数（Simpson 指数）和均匀度指数（E）,对滁州市南湖公园绿地的园林植物进行了研究。结果表明：公园内乔木47种,灌木51种,草本37种,竹类2种,藤本2种;物种多样性基本表现为灌木层＞乔木层＞草本层;物种均匀度总体上为灌木层＞乔木层＞草本层;群落类型主要为乔木＋草本（小乔木及灌木＋草本）,乔木＋地被灌木＋草本（乔木＋小乔木及灌木＋草本）,乔木＋小乔木及灌木＋地被灌木＋草本。建议在构建较高物种多样性植物群落的同时,优先选择乡土野生花卉。